Understanding Original Medicare: The Basics of Parts A & B

When people first start learning about Medicare, the most common question I hear is:

“What exactly is Original Medicare?”

Let’s break it down in plain English.

Original Medicare is the foundation of the entire Medicare system. It’s the coverage provided directly by the federal government and it’s made up of two parts: Part A and Part B.

Think of it as the starting point for your healthcare coverage once you become eligible for Medicare.

Medicare Part A: Hospital Coverage

Medicare Part A is often referred to as hospital insurance.

This part of Medicare helps cover the big-ticket items when it comes to healthcare, such as:

• Inpatient hospital stays
• Skilled nursing facility care after a hospital stay
• Some home health care
• Hospice care

For most people, Part A does not have a monthly premium because they paid Medicare taxes during their working years.

That’s why many people say Part A is “free,” although there are still deductibles and cost-sharing if you need hospital care.

Medicare Part B: Medical Coverage

Medicare Part B covers the day-to-day medical services people typically use.

This includes things like:

• Doctor visits
• Specialist appointments
• Preventive services
• Lab work and diagnostic testing
• Outpatient procedures
• Durable medical equipment

Unlike Part A, Part B does have a monthly premium. In 2026, most people will pay a standard monthly premium set by Medicare, although higher earners may pay more due to income-related adjustments.

Part B also has a small annual deductible, and after that Medicare typically pays 80% of approved services, leaving you responsible for the remaining 20%.

The Biggest Thing People Don’t Realize

Here’s an important point that surprises many new Medicare beneficiaries.

Original Medicare does not include everything.

It generally does not cover:

• Prescription drugs
• Routine dental care
• Vision exams for glasses
• Hearing aids
• Long-term care

That’s why many people choose to add additional coverage, such as:

• A Medicare Supplement (Medigap) plan
• A Medicare Advantage plan
• A standalone Part D prescription drug plan

These options help fill the gaps that Original Medicare leaves behind.

Why Understanding Parts A & B Matters

Before choosing any additional coverage, it’s important to understand how Parts A and B work together.

They are the foundation of every Medicare plan you’ll ever have.

Once you understand that foundation, the rest of your Medicare choices become much easier to navigate.

A Final Thought

Medicare doesn’t have to be confusing, but it can feel that way when you’re first getting started.

If you ever have questions about how Medicare works or want help reviewing your coverage options, my name is Bill Wilke and I’ve been helping Medicare consumers navigate these decisions since 2013.

Feel free to give me a call at 844-900-1468. I’m always happy to help point you in the right direction.